"This light of history is pitiless; it has a strange and divine quality that, luminous as it is, and precisely because it is luminous, often casts a shadow just where we saw a radiance; out of the same man it makes two different phantoms, and the one attacks and punishes the other, the darkness of the despot struggles with the splendor of the captain. Hence a truer measure in the final judgment of the nations. Babylon violated diminishes Alexander; Rome enslaved diminishes Caesar; massacred Jerusalem diminishes Titus. Tyranny follows the tyrant. Woe to the man who leaves behind a shadow that bears his form."

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About Victor Hugo

Victor Hugo was a French novelist, poet, and dramatist and a central figure of French Romanticism. He is best known for Les Miserables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. His work combined literary innovation with strong social and political engagement.

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